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Examination methods, documenting material and preparing opinions. Choose a topic or search for an article.
36 articles
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How should you prepare a phone for an agreed examination?
How to describe a phone, agree on the scope of examination and prepare to hand over the device. Why switching off, unlocking or updating requires prior agreement.
Read the article ↗Digital forensicsRecovering deleted messages: possibilities and limitations
What determines whether deleted messages can be recovered from a phone? Backups, encryption, data remnants and the limits of analytical conclusions.
Read the article ↗Digital forensicsHow to preserve CCTV and dashcam footage for analysis
How to prepare a recording for analysis: recorder files, incident context, device time, playback software and a description of the material's origin.
Read the article ↗Digital forensicsWhy does a screenshot not replace complete digital material?
What does a screenshot show, and what can it not establish? How to preserve conversation context, source files and information needed for analysis.
Read the article ↗Digital forensicsHow should email correspondence be prepared for examination?
How to prepare original emails, full headers and attachments for analysis. Gmail exports, Outlook data and the limitations of conclusions.
Read the article ↗Digital forensicsCloud data analysis: sources, authorisation and completeness
How can cloud account, phone storage and backup data be distinguished? Access conditions, completeness of material and cautious interpretation of a computing report.
Read the article ↗Digital forensicsSmartwatches as a data source: time and links between records
How should watch, phone and cloud data be interpreted? Synchronisation, time zones, record provenance and the limits of linking a smartwatch to a specific person.
Read the article ↗Digital forensicsSIM card examination: a copy for phone isolation and the reliability of findings
What does SIM cloning mean in MOBILedit? Data sources, limitations of a copy used to isolate a phone, and documenting analysis of the SIM, phone and eSIM information.
Read the article ↗Handwriting and signaturesOriginal or scan? Preparing a document for signature examination
Find out when an original document is needed, what can limit analysis of a scan and what information to prepare before a signature examination.
Read the article ↗Handwriting and signaturesComparison material for handwriting examination: what to agree before handover
How should signed documents and handwritten entries be organised before examination? A checklist of points to agree on provenance, period and material transfer.
Read the article ↗Accident reconstructionWhat to prepare for road accident reconstruction
Documents, photographs, recordings, a sketch and questions for accident analysis. See how to organise material before contacting an expert.
Read the article ↗Methods and procedureHow to prepare questions for an expert in a civil or criminal case
How to frame questions about documents, data and the course of events, and distinguish a private report from the opinion of an expert appointed in proceedings.
Read the article ↗Methods and procedureWhat determines an examination’s scope, cost and timeframe?
What affects the cost and timeframe of an expert examination? Questions, material, required work and report scope explained without indicative price lists.
Read the article ↗Handwriting and signaturesComputer-assisted handwriting analysis in forensic science—using GRAPHLOG in handwriting examination
How does GRAPHLOG support handwriting examination? Learn about graphic-feature measurements, comparison of writing and the expert’s role in interpreting results.
Read the article ↗Handwriting and signaturesForensic handwriting examination—identification methods, questioned material and the value of an expert opinion
Methods of identifying a writer, selecting reference material and the stages of examination. See what determines the value of a handwriting opinion.
Read the article ↗Handwriting and signaturesHandwriting examination methods—selected classical research approaches
The calligraphic, signaletic and photographic descriptive methods. Explore the development of traditional handwriting examination and the limitations of these approaches.
Read the article ↗Handwriting and signaturesFurther traditional handwriting examination methods
A review of historical handwriting examination methods: Langenbruch, graphometric and Matveyev. Principles, measurements and limitations of their use.
Read the article ↗Handwriting and signaturesSelected methods of handwriting identification examination
How is handwriting variability analysed? Discussion of Duyster’s method, Brosson’s projections and the role of geometric measurements in comparing writing.
Read the article ↗Handwriting and signaturesAdvanced measurement methods in forensic handwriting examination
Geometric structural and statistical methods of handwriting examination. Explore their principles, supporting role and limitations in signature assessment.
Read the article ↗Handwriting and signaturesAdvanced approaches to handwriting identification—kinetic-geometric analysis, the graphical comparison method and graphology
Kinetic-geometric analysis, the graphical comparison method and graphology. An explanation of the differences between handwriting identification and personality assessment.
Read the article ↗Handwriting and signaturesExamination material in handwriting examination using the graphic comparative method
How is material selected for handwriting examination? The importance of comparison samples, document quality and the conditions in which the questioned writing was produced.
Read the article ↗Handwriting and signaturesComputer handwriting analysis in forensic science—the graphometric method and use of the GRAPHLOG system
Computer analysis of handwriting and signature characteristics using GRAPHLOG. The role of graphometric measurements, comparison material and expert interpretation.
Read the article ↗Digital forensicsMOBILedit ULTRA—model, system and lock state in examination compatibility
How can a phone’s suitability for examination with MOBILedit ULTRA be checked? Model, OS, patches, lock status, software versions and separate verification of application analysis.
Read the article ↗Digital forensicsMOBILedit Forensic in digital forensics—functions, analytical methods and the evidential significance of mobile device data
An overview of MOBILedit Forensic functions: data acquisition from mobile devices, backup analysis and preparation of examination reports.
Read the article ↗Digital forensicsBypass, root and jailbreak—the limits of data access
What do bypass, root and jailbreak change in a phone examination? The limits of MOBILedit ULTRA, encryption, and documenting interventions and analysis results.
Read the article ↗Digital forensicsDigital forensics standards in the analysis of digital evidence
The basics of preserving and analysing digital evidence. Explore the importance of working standards, examination documentation and the role of a digital forensics expert.
Read the article ↗Accident reconstructionThe work of a court expert in road accident reconstruction—the significance of expert opinion as an evidential source
What does an expert do in accident reconstruction? Trace analysis, reconstructing the course of events and the opinion’s significance for proceedings.
Read the article ↗Accident reconstructionAlcohol and road accident risk—the significance of driver behavioural analysis in scientific research and expert opinion practice
The effects of alcohol on driver behaviour and accident risk. The significance of behavioural research for prevention and analysis of road incident circumstances.
Read the article ↗Digital forensicsDigital forensics—digital data analysis in criminal and civil proceedings
How are data from computers, phones and email analysed? The scope of digital forensics and the credibility of digital material in a case.
Read the article ↗Accident reconstructionForensic road accident reconstruction—expert examination and incident analysis
How is the course of a road accident reconstructed? Documentation, traces, recordings, computer simulations and the limitations of technical incident analysis.
Read the article ↗Handwriting and signaturesForensic handwriting examination—expert opinions and document analysis
What does examination of handwriting and signature authenticity involve? Comparative methods, applications of document examination and presentation of results.
Read the article ↗Methods and procedureApplication for appointment as a court expert in Kraków—documents and fee
Information on applying for appointment as an expert at the Regional Court in Kraków: requirements, documents, fee and where to submit the application.
Read the article ↗Methods and procedureReappointment as a court expert—fee, documents and deadline (Regional Court in Kraków)
Reappointment as a court expert at the Regional Court in Kraków. A discussion of the required documents, application deadline and stamp duty.
Read the article ↗Digital forensicsDigital forensics standards—good practices, ISO standards and the significance of digital evidence in proceedings
Good practice in working with digital evidence and the role of ISO/IEC standards. Preserving material, data integrity and documenting analysis.
Read the article ↗Handwriting and signaturesForensic handwriting examination from a methodological perspective—scope, examination material, stages of analysis and the evidential value of the expert opinion
The stages of handwriting examination: material assessment, comparative examinations and documentation. The significance of methodology and limitations for the opinion's conclusions.
Read the article ↗Accident reconstructionThe offence of causing a traffic accident (Article 177 of the Criminal Code)—legal and statistical perspectives
Discussion of Article 177 of the Criminal Code, the conditions for liability and the consequences of a transport accident. Statistical context and the significance of evidence.
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